The principle of spark erosion machining-SPRT

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The principle of spark erosion machining

2022-01-10

　　During electrical discharge machining with a spark machine, the tool electrode and the workpiece are respectively connected to the two poles of a pulse power supply and immersed in the working fluid, or the working fluid is filled into the discharge gap. The tool electrode is fed toward the workpiece through an automatic gap control system. When the gap between the two electrodes reaches a certain distance, the pulse voltage applied to the two electrodes decomposes the working fluid and generates a spark discharge.

　　A large amount of thermal energy is instantaneously concentrated in a tiny discharge channel, with temperatures possibly reaching 10,000 degrees, and the pressure changes sharply. As a result, a small amount of metal material on the working surface immediately melts, vaporizes, and explodes, splashing into the working fluid. It quickly condenses into solid metal particles, which are then carried away by the working fluid. This leaves tiny pits on the workpiece surface, the discharge temporarily stops, and the working fluid between the two electrodes restores its insulating state.

　　Subsequently, the next pulse voltage immediately breaks down on the other side relatively close to the two electrodes, generating a spark discharge and repeating the above process. Under the condition of maintaining a constant discharge gap between the tool electrode and the workpiece, the tool electrode is continuously fed into the workpiece while corroding the workpiece metal. Therefore, by changing the shape of the tool electrode and the relative movement between the tool electrode and the workpiece, various complex contours can be machined.

Differences Between Spark Erosion Machining and Traditional Machining

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